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#A flutter vs afib update

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#A flutter vs afib update

2011 ACCF/AHA/HRS Focused Update on the Management of Patients With Atrial Fibrillation (Updating the 2006 Guideline) A Report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines.Guidelines for the management of atrial fibrillation: the Task Force for the Management of Atrial Fibrillation of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC).Canadian Cardiovascular Society atrial fibrillation guidelines 2010: management of recent-onset atrial fibrillation and flutter in the emergency department. Stiell IG, Macle L CCS Atrial Fibrillation Guidelines Committee.

Sinus Node Dysfunction in Atrial Fibrillation: Cause or Effect? J Atr Fibrillation. Kezerashvili A, Krumerman AK, Fisher JD.Stroke risk and antithrombotic strategies in atrial fibrillation. ACC/AHA/ESC 2006 Guidelines for the Management of Patients with Atrial Fibrillation: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines and the European Society of Cardiology Committee for Practice Guidelines (Writing Committee to Revise the 2001 Guidelines for the Management of Patients With Atrial Fibrillation): developed in collaboration with the European Heart Rhythm Association and the Heart Rhythm Society.Atrial Fibrillation Management Essentials.

There is some evidence to support AF inducing SND and some support for the notion that SND causes and promotes the development of AF.

A connection between Sick Sinus Syndrome (SSS) or Sinus node dysfunction (SND) and atrial fibrillation (AF) has been recognized in the literature since the 1960s.

Sometimes cardioversion is done using medications. Its a treatment for certain types of irregular heartbeats (arrhythmias), including atrial fibrillation (A-fib).

Causes of ‘slow’ AF include hypothermia, digoxin toxicity, and medications. Cardioversion is a medical procedure that uses quick, low-energy shocks to restore a regular heart rhythm.

‘Slow’ AF is a term often used to describe AF with a ventricular rate < 60 bpm.

AF is often described as having ‘rapid ventricular response’ once the ventricular rate is > 100 bpm.

AF is most commonly associated with a ventricular rate ~ 110 – 160.

The ventricular response and thus ventricular rate in AF is dependent on several factors including vagal tone, other pacemaker foci, AV node function, refractory period, and medications.

Ashman Phenomenon – aberrant ventricular conducted beats, usually of RBBB morphology, secondary to a long refractory period as determined by the preceding R-R interval.